Cr–Cu system

17 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 9, model 8); 6 calculated phase diagram(s). 9 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (4) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	9
model	8

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	15
mixing / partial	1
activity / EMF / Gibbs energy	1

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
CrCu-00Jac.tdb	K.T. Jacob, S. Priya, Y. Waseda, Z. Metallkd., 91, 594-600(2000). doi:10.1515/ijmr-2000-910710	`aba29d210640bde6f10686310954f8e4c6dd26434a42219bac9cb7dbb61a8d75`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrCu-06Tur.tdb	M.A. Turchanin, Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 45, 457-67(2006). doi:10.1007/s11106-006-0106-x	`43b7d9002998d57527a511356de24b1ea5e436a73d94e6c9404e124a29c3de10`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrCu-17Liu.tdb	Y. Liu, P. Zhou, S. Liu, Y. Du, Calphad, 59, 1-11(2017). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2017.07.002	`795ca2b88d6ba3916ac73e5931fae1cc4720209def8ea95347f84559229c9840`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrCu-87Sau.tdb	N. Saunders, Mater. Sci. Technol., 3, 671-73(1987). 2020.08.02: Modified for use with GES6. doi:10.1179/mst.1987.3.8.671	`af63c1df4db3f5b9fbe0f2b17529ad4c63a21648e3f6b55f0ae8931547b4ac85`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrCu-90Ham.tdb	M. Hamalainen, K. Jaaskelainen, R. Luoma, M. Nuotio, P. Taskinen, O. Teppo, Calphad, 14, 125-37(1990). doi:10.1016/0364-5916(90)90014-Q	`7070dbd542901790c6298c15405c1f9ebc8a10dab491c7bad6be56e5f31ac2a0`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrCu-95Zen-LB.tdb	K. Zeng, M. Hamalainen, Calphad, 19, 93-104(1995). doi:10.1016/0364-5916(95)00010-C	`bc9cd744f47d1be2218a73811649875c74b811adcbc6a748065e12b0380986f3`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
CrCu-00Jac.tdb	1349.11	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 8.400e-4) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.98405) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.9923)
CrCu-06Tur.tdb	1350.47	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 9.500e-4) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.98485) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.99158)
CrCu-17Liu.tdb	2033.59	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 0.00367) + LIQUID#2 (x(Cu) 0.18274) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.47176)
CrCu-17Liu.tdb	1350.57	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 6.000e-4) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.9879) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.99518)
CrCu-87Sau.tdb	1353.4	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 5.700e-4) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.98403) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.98814)
CrCu-90Ham.tdb	1347.8	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 8.400e-4) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.98364) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.99297)
CrCu-95Zen-LB.tdb	1347.95	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 0) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.98167) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.99175)
CrCu-95Zen-LB.tdb	1347.94	BCC_A2 (x(Cu) 0) + LIQUID (x(Cu) 0.9819) + FCC_A1 (x(Cu) 0.99184)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull CrCu-00Jac · CALPHAD hull CrCu-06Tur · CALPHAD hull CrCu-87Sau · CALPHAD hull CrCu-90Ham · CALPHAD hull CrCu-95Zen-LB

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Cr–Cu system (15)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location
1350	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0156; (Cu): Cr 0.0089	model	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Chakrabarti 1984	Table 1, p. 3, row 10 report
1350	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0156; (Cu): Cr 0.0081; (Cr): Cr 0.9992	model	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Saunders 1987 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 11 report
1350	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0152; (Cu): Cr 0.0084; (Cr): Cr 0.9991	model	[1] Turchanin 2006	Table 1, p. 3, row 16 report
1349.6	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.015; (Cu): Cr 0.0077; (Cr): Cr 0.9992	model	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Jakob 2000	Table 1, p. 3, row 15 report
1349	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0183	experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Siedschlag 1923 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
1349	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Li 2000 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 9 report
1348	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.016; (Cu): Cr 0.008	model	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Ivanchenko 1996 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 14 report
1348	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0156	experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Doi 1957	Table 1, p. 3, row 5 report
1348	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0164; (Cu): Cr 0.007; (Cr): Cr 0.9992	model	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Hamalainen 1990 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 12 report
1348	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)	L: Cr 0.0181; (Cu): Cr 0.0082	model	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Zeng 1995 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 13 report
1348	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Hindrichs 1908 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
1347.9	eutectic: Liquid -> bcc-A2 + fcc-A1	Liquid: Cu 0.982; bcc-A2: Cu 0; fcc-A1: Cu 0.992	model	[2] (ed.) 1998	Table I, p. 158, row 1 report
1347	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Leonov 1986	Table 1, p. 3, row 8 report
1346	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Zakharov 1967	Table 1, p. 3, row 6 report
1343	eutectic: L -> (Cu) + (Cr)		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Hibbard 1948	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report

Other properties

Mixing / partial (1)

Mixing / partial, Cr–Cu system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Partial enthalpy printed: ΔH <∞Cr >	90 unspecified ± 17	1373		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Watanabe 1984 doi	p. 4 report	In [23] the enthalpy of dissolution of chromium in copper at 1373 K was studied. At this temperature the solubility of chromium did not exceed xCr = 0.02, and therefore the authors obtained only a value of the first enthalpy of mixing ΔH <∞Cr > = 90 ± 17 kJ/mole.

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (1)

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Cr–Cu system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Activity printed: aCr	0.15 unspecified	1300		experimental	[1] Turchanin 2006 cites Gachon 1980 doi	p. 5 report	Using the emf method with a solid electrolyte authors of [27] established the value for thermodynamic activity of BCC-chromium in a solid solution based on copper: aCr = 0.15 for alloy with xCr = 0.001 at 1300 K.

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

M. A. Turchanin, Phase equilibria and thermodynamics of binary copper systems with 3d-metals. III. Copper-chromium system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 45, 457-467 (2006). doi:10.1007/s11106-006-0106-x
I. Ansara, A. T. Dinsdale, M. H. Rand (eds.), COST 507: Thermochemical database for light metal alloys, Volume 2, EUR 18499 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg (1998), ISBN 92-828-3902-8.

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}