Cr–Ni system

42 accepted literature values from 4 paper(s) (experimental 8, model 7, DFT 27); 7 calculated phase diagram(s). 4 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (10) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	8
model	7
DFT	27

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	5
phase transition	10
formation	14
mixing / partial	10
crystal structure	3

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
CrNi-06Hal.tdb	B. Hallstedt, unpublished, 2006.	`c4cfbab32c583ed34c0ef4efb4c756ded81da7d0daa10ba8b214f9af05bb65ca`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrNi-16Tan.tdb	F. Tang, B. Hallstedt, Calphad, 55, 260-69(2016). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2016.10.003	`d6a051a1fa81b2256ddc76ac32d7b614036cbad64dd32aad3738caebac4a662f`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrNi-20Zha.tdb	N. Zhao, W. Liu, J.-J. Wang, X.-G. Lu, L. Zhang, Calphad, 71, 101996(2020). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2020.101996	`9d385c721c9df9cd4949cee2e22da801227fbbb920aea77f82546e638f4dbc72`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrNi-21Hao-3g.tdb	L. Hao, A. Ruban, W. Xiong, Calphad, 73, 102268(2021). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2021.102268	`804f3f31641279be5cf72d73fd71c74cc8bc14a8cc2a9825e8747951b226ce3a`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrNi-24Per.tdb	J.C. Pereira dos Santos, S. Griesemer, N. Dupin, U.R. Kattner, C. Liu, D. Ivanova, T. Hammerschmidt, S.G. Fries, C. Wolverton, C.E. Campbell, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus., 45, 330-57(2024). doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01079-3	`100f33b41b3fe0b5b2f029d22feb3a4db1c238b0e864dffb97ff8ba1a1cb0adf`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrNi-86Din.tdb	A.T. Dinsdale, T.G. Chart, unpublished work, 1986.	`83ef9abf459d8a802f801dea51574fc32f1979d74d7c8cc734b412de5dff3c09`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CrNi-92Lee-LB.tdb	B.-J. Lee, Calphad, 16, 121-49(1992). doi:10.1016/0364-5916(92)90002-F	`5efa2cd29b52a1041c18ba4d324ffd2bc113b086a5a67d9a4528241300b73cb2`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
CrNi-06Hal.tdb	1617.85	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.37678) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.46054) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.51451)
CrNi-06Hal.tdb	1617.85	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.37678) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.46054) + L12_FCC (x(Ni) 0.51451)
CrNi-06Hal.tdb	862.74	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.00281) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + L12_FCC (x(Ni) 0.67949)
CrNi-06Hal.tdb	862.74	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.0028) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.6795)
CrNi-16Tan.tdb	1618.9	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.40273) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.47079) + FCC_4SL (x(Ni) 0.50959)
CrNi-16Tan.tdb	1618.9	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.40273) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.47079) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.50959)
CrNi-16Tan.tdb	861.16	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.00454) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.67372)
CrNi-16Tan.tdb	861.16	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.00454) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + FCC_4SL (x(Ni) 0.67372)
CrNi-16Tan.tdb	861.16	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.00453) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + FCC_4SL (x(Ni) 0.6738)
CrNi-20Zha.tdb	1601.17	BCC_A2 (x(Ni) 0.36333) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.44272) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.49259)
CrNi-20Zha.tdb	863.39	BCC_A2 (x(Ni) 0.00467) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66179) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.68525)
CrNi-20Zha.tdb	352.19	CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.70975) + FCC_A1#2 (x(Ni) 0.91915) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99435)
CrNi-21Hao-3g.tdb	407.01	BCC_A2 (x(Ni) 0) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66888) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.81187)
CrNi-21Hao-3g.tdb	354.59	CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.67566) + FCC_A1#2 (x(Ni) 0.91173) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99802)
CrNi-24Per.tdb	1617.95	BCC_A2 (x(Ni) 0.36232) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.4606) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.49989)
CrNi-86Din.tdb	1617.15	BCC_A2 (x(Ni) 0.3826) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.4594) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.5012)
CrNi-92Lee-LB.tdb	1617.97	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.36248) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.46065) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.49994)
CrNi-92Lee-LB.tdb	1617.97	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.36248) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.46065) + L12_FCC (x(Ni) 0.49994)
CrNi-92Lee-LB.tdb	807.42	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.00145) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.70255)
CrNi-92Lee-LB.tdb	807.42	B2_BCC (x(Ni) 0.00144) + CRNI2 (x(Ni) 0.66667) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.70259)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull CrNi-06Hal · CALPHAD hull CrNi-16Tan · CALPHAD hull CrNi-20Zha · CALPHAD hull CrNi-21Hao-3g · CALPHAD hull CrNi-86Din · CALPHAD hull CrNi-92Lee-LB

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Cr–Ni system (5)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Class	Source	Location	Quote
1618	eutectic	experimental	[1] Hao 2021 cites Jenkins 1937	p. 13 report	From Fig. 12, it is obvious that the Cr-Ni phase diagram is characterized by a eutectic reaction that occurs at 1618 K [158,159]. The equilibrium composition for the liquid, bcc, and fcc phases are 0.46, 0.38, and 0.50 at.% Ni, respectively [12].
1613	liq. + γ' -> γ + β	experimental	[2] Dupin 2001 cites ref. 52Tay	Table 2, p. 10, row 2 report
1273	γ + β -> γ' + α	experimental	[2] Dupin 2001 cites ref. 52Tay	Table 2, p. 10, row 7 report
1263	γ + β -> γ' + α	experimental	[2] Dupin 2001 cites ref. 82Tu	Table 2, p. 10, row 8 report
611	peritectic	model	[1] Hao 2021	p. 13 report	The predicted peritectic temperature (611 K) is in accordance with that evaluated by Nash [156].

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, Cr–Ni system (8)
Phase	Value	T (K)	Class	Source	Location
B2	24.262 kJ/mol-atom	298.15	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 11 report
B2-β	20.12 kJ/mol-atom	0	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 6, p. 40, row 17 report
L12-γ’	-13.88 kJ/mol-atom	0	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 16 report
L12-γ’	-10.03 kJ/mol-atom	0	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 18 report
γ'	-13.88 kJ/mol-atom	0	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 16 report
γ'	-10.03 kJ/mol-atom	0	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 18 report
γ'-L12	-0.719 kJ/mol-atom	298.15	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 32 report
γ'-L12	14.291 kJ/mol-atom	298.15	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 31 report

Other properties

Phase transition (10)

Phase transition, Cr–Ni system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Phase transition	633 K	633	magnetic	experimental	[1] Hao 2021 cites Crangle 1963 doi	p. 11 report	From the magnetization vs. T curve, Crangle and Hallam [114] extrapolated the Curie temperature of fcc Ni as 633 K.
Phase transition	807 K	807	CrNi2	model	[1] Hao 2021 cites Turchi 2006	p. 12 report	However, the predicted formation temperatures of the CrNi2 phase (807 K and 820 K in the work [150] and [151], respectively) are inconsistent due to the difference in the calculated formation energy.
Phase transition	820 K	820	CrNi2	model	[1] Hao 2021 cites Chan 2006	p. 12 report	However, the predicted formation temperatures of the CrNi2 phase (807 K and 820 K in the work [150] and [151], respectively) are inconsistent due to the difference in the calculated formation energy.
Phase transition	863 K	863	other	model	[1] Hao 2021	p. 18 report	According to our calculation, the CrNi2 phase forms from a peritectoid reaction at 863 K.
Phase transition	1873 K	1873	bcc + liquid	experimental	[1] Hao 2021 cites Umino 1926	p. 16 report	These two data points from the work of Umino [97] are not reliable since the melting point of Cr was highly underestimated as 1873 K.
Phase transition	2136 K	2136	bcc + liquid	model	[1] Hao 2021	p. 8 report	To better reproduce experimental phase equilibria data in Cr-containing binary or even high-order systems during future thermodynamic assessments, the value 2136 K was adopted as the melting point for bcc Cr in this work.
Phase transition	2136 K	2136	liquid	model	[1] Hao 2021	p. 16 report	From the calculated lattice stabilities of Cr by the second-generation and third-generation databases, as shown in Fig. 3, it can be observed that the melting point of Cr is changed from 2180 K to 2136 K in this work, based on the reason mentioned in Section 4.1.1.
Phase transition	2136 K	2136	liquid	experimental	[1] Hao 2021 cites Hultgren 1973	p. 8 report	Therefore, they suggested to adopt a lower value, 2136 K [37,52], for the melting point of Cr.
Phase transition	2180 K	2180	liquid	model	[1] Hao 2021	p. 16 report	From the calculated lattice stabilities of Cr by the second-generation and third-generation databases, as shown in Fig. 3, it can be observed that the melting point of Cr is changed from 2180 K to 2136 K in this work, based on the reason mentioned in Section 4.1.1.
Phase transition	2180 K	2180	liquid	experimental	[1] Hao 2021 cites Dinsdale 1991 doi	p. 8 report	The SGTE database [9] accepted the melting point of Cr to be 2180 K, as recommended by Gurvich et al. [47].

Formation (6)

Formation, Cr–Ni system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Entropy of formation printed: ΔfS298	5.925 J/mol-atom/K	298.15	B2 alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 11 report
Entropy of formation printed: ΔfS298	2.291 J/mol-atom/K	298.15	γ'-L12 alloy: Cr 0.75, Ni 0.25	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 31 report
Entropy of formation printed: ΔfS298	-1.52 J/mol-atom/K	298.15	γ'-L12 alloy: Cr 0.25, Ni 0.75	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 32 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: ΔfG298	22.497 kJ/mol-atom	298.15	B2 alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 11 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: ΔfG298	13.609 kJ/mol-atom	298.15	γ'-L12 alloy: Cr 0.75, Ni 0.25	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 31 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: ΔfG298	-0.266 kJ/mol-atom	298.15	γ'-L12 alloy: Cr 0.25, Ni 0.75	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 4, p. 38, row 32 report

Mixing / partial (10)

Mixing / partial, Cr–Ni system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	9.15 kJ/mol-atom	0	A2 alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 6, p. 40, row 17 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	10.02 kJ/mol-atom	0	A2 alloy: Cr 0.75, Ni 0.25	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 6, p. 40, row 16 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	4.98 kJ/mol-atom	0	A2 alloy: Cr 0.25, Ni 0.75	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 6, p. 40, row 18 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	20.12 kJ/mol-atom	0	B2 alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 8, p. 42, row 25 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔmixH^SQS	-9.719 kJ/mol-atom		fcc alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[4] Bracq 2021	Table 1, p. 4, row 7 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	-12.69 kJ/mol-atom	0	γ alloy: Cr 0.75, Ni 0.25	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 16 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	-5.79 kJ/mol-atom	0	γ alloy: Cr 0.25, Ni 0.75	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 18 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	-9.03 kJ/mol-atom	0	γ alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 7, p. 41, row 17 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	-10.03 kJ/mol-atom	0	γ’ alloy: Cr 0.25, Ni 0.75	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 9, p. 43, row 22 report
Enthalpy of mixing printed: ΔHmix	-13.88 kJ/mol-atom	0	γ’ alloy: Cr 0.75, Ni 0.25	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 9, p. 43, row 27 report

Crystal structure (3)

Crystal structure, Cr–Ni system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Molar volume printed: V0	12.175 Å3/atom	298.15	B2 CrNi alloy: Cr 0.5, Ni 0.5	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 2, p. 36, row 15 report
Molar volume printed: V0	11.44 Å3/atom	298.15	γ'-L12 Cr3Ni alloy: Cr 0.75, Ni 0.25	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 2, p. 36, row 33 report
Molar volume printed: V0	11.261 Å3/atom	298.15	γ'-L12 Ni3Cr alloy: Cr 0.25, Ni 0.75	DFT	[3] Liu 2016	Table 2, p. 36, row 34 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Liangyan Hao, Andrei Ruban, Wei Xiong, CALPHAD modeling based on Gibbs energy functions from zero kevin and improved magnetic model: A case study on the Cr–Ni system, Calphad 73, 102268 (2021). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2021.102268
N. Dupin, I. Ansara, B. Sundman, Thermodynamic re-assessment of the ternary system Al-Cr-Ni, Calphad 25, 279-298 (2001). doi:10.1016/s0364-5916(01)00049-9
Xuan L. Liu, Greta Lindwall, Thomas Gheno, Zi-Kui Liu, Thermodynamic modeling of Al–Co–Cr, Al–Co–Ni, Co–Cr–Ni ternary systems towards a description for Al–Co–Cr–Ni, Calphad 52, 125-142 (2016). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2015.12.007
Guillaume Bracq, Jean-Claude Crivello, Mathilde Laurent-Brocq, Jean-Marc Joubert, Ivan Guillot, What is the Enthalpy Contribution to the Stabilization of the Co–Cr–Fe–Mn–Ni Faced-centered Cubic Solid Solution?, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 42, 561-570 (2021). doi:10.1007/s11669-021-00922-9

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}