Cu–Li system

75 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 72, model 3); 3 calculated phase diagram(s). 3 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (5) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	72
model	3

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	1
phase transition	17
phase equilibrium	17
mixing / partial	4
heat capacity / entropy / enthalpy	4
activity / EMF / Gibbs energy	30
model expression	2

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
CuLi-09Gas.tdb	W. Gasior, B. Onderka, Z. Moser, A. Debski, T. Gancarz, Calphad, 33, 215-20(2009). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.10.006	`1b32f2fc937850708e214b6931ea8b2e4e43da33fe51785def0e752909ea49e5`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CuLi-16Li.tdb	D. Li, S. Fuertauer, H. Flandorfer, D.M. Cupid, Calphad, 53, 105-15(2016). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2016.04.003	`f42782ad44b9e5150414c0d5334edbf6ba2fd069ddbc57052049c6ce79c20263`	viewer · TDB · JSON
CuLi-98Sau-LB.tdb	N. Saunders, COST 507, Final report round 2, 1998.	`d46bb41de43190bdbb966087ef3384e50a00849f7704ead4368d0fc8aa70df4d`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
CuLi-09Gas.tdb	453.6	FCC_A1 (x(Li) 0.18339) + LIQUID (x(Li) 0.9999) + BCC_A2 (x(Li) 0.99991)
CuLi-16Li.tdb	453.56	FCC_A1 (x(Li) 0.20493) + LIQUID (x(Li) 0.99992) + BCC_A2 (x(Li) 1)
CuLi-16Li.tdb	453.56	FCC_A1 (x(Li) 0.20493) + LIQUID (x(Li) 0.99992) + BCC_A2 (x(Li) 1)
CuLi-98Sau-LB.tdb	453.6	FCC_A1 (x(Li) 0.22687) + BCC_A2 (x(Li) 1) + LIQUID (x(Li) 1)
CuLi-98Sau-LB.tdb	453.6	FCC_A1 (x(Li) 0.22688) + LIQUID (x(Li) 1) + BCC_A2 (x(Li) 1)
CuLi-98Sau-LB.tdb	453.6	FCC_A1 (x(Li) 0.22684) + BCC_A2 (x(Li) 1) + LIQUID (x(Li) 1)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull CuLi-09Gas · CALPHAD hull CuLi-98Sau-LB

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Cu–Li system (1)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location	Quote
453.6	other: Liquid -> fcc-A1 + bcc-A2	Liquid: Li 1; fcc-A1: Li 0.228; bcc-A2: Li 1	model	[1] (ed.) 1998	Table I, p. 185, row 1 report

Other properties

Phase transition (17)

Phase transition, Cu–Li system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 10 alloy: Cu 0.6, Li 0.4	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 15 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 11 alloy: Cu 0.55, Li 0.45	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 17 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 12 alloy: Cu 0.45, Li 0.55	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 19 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 13 alloy: Cu 0.4, Li 0.6	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 21 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 14 alloy: Cu 0.35, Li 0.65	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 23 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 15 alloy: Cu 0.3, Li 0.7	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 25 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 16 alloy: Cu 0.25, Li 0.75	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 27 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 17 alloy: Cu 0.15, Li 0.85	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 29 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 18 alloy: Cu 0.02, Li 0.98	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 31 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 19	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 33 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 6 alloy: Cu 0.75, Li 0.25	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 7 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 7 alloy: Cu 0.73, Li 0.27	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 9 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 8 alloy: Cu 0.7, Li 0.3	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 11 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	other: 9 alloy: Cu 0.65, Li 0.35	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 13 report
Phase transition	476 K	476	other: 1 alloy: Cu 0.82, Li 0.18	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 1 report
Phase transition	753 K	753	other	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	p. 6 report	Apart from the eutectic transformation, another one was observed at the estimated temperature equal to 753 K (480 ◦ C), which could be connected with the formation of the entropy-stabilized Cu2 Li3 phase.
Phase transition	838 K	838	other: 2 alloy: Cu 0.82, Li 0.18	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 3 report

Phase equilibrium (17)

Phase equilibrium, Cu–Li system
Property	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Phase composition	893	other: 18 liquid: Cu 0.02, Li 0.98	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 32 report
Phase composition	1038	other: 17 liquid: Cu 0.15, Li 0.85	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 30 report
Phase composition	1113	other: 16 liquid: Cu 0.25, Li 0.75	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 28 report
Phase composition	1118	other: 13 liquid: Cu 0.4, Li 0.6	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 22 report
Phase composition	1118	other: 14 liquid: Cu 0.35, Li 0.65	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 24 report
Phase composition	1120	other: 15 liquid: Cu 0.3, Li 0.7	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 26 report
Phase composition	1148	other: 11 liquid: Cu 0.55, Li 0.45	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 18 report
Phase composition	1148	other: 12 liquid: Cu 0.45, Li 0.55	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 20 report
Phase composition	1151	other: 10 liquid: Cu 0.6, Li 0.4	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 16 report
Phase composition	1158	other: 9 liquid: Cu 0.65, Li 0.35	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 14 report
Phase composition	1175	other: 7 liquid: Cu 0.73, Li 0.27	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 10 report
Phase composition	1176	other: 8 liquid: Cu 0.7, Li 0.3	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 12 report
Phase composition	1188	other: 3 liquid: Cu 0.81, Li 0.19	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 4 report
Phase composition	1188	other: 4 liquid: Cu 0.79, Li 0.21	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 5 report
Phase composition	1188	other: 5 liquid: Cu 0.77, Li 0.23	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 6 report
Phase composition	1189	other: 6 liquid: Cu 0.75, Li 0.25	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 8 report
Phase composition	1215	other: 1 liquid: Cu 0.82, Li 0.18	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 2 report

Mixing / partial (4)

Mixing / partial, Cu–Li system
Property	Value	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Partial enthalpy printed: H_Li	-34.7072 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Partial enthalpy printed: H_Li	-48.6058 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Partial enthalpy printed: H_Li	-100.833 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Partial enthalpy printed: H_Li	-16.2861 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report

Heat capacity / entropy / enthalpy (4)

Heat capacity / entropy / enthalpy, Cu–Li system
Property	Value	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Entropy printed: S^ex_Li	-48.6 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Entropy printed: S^ex_Li	-61.9 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Entropy printed: S^ex_Li	-117 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Entropy printed: S^ex_Li	-26.8 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (30)

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Cu–Li system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Activity Li printed: a_Li	0.01977 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 6 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (633 K)	0.02076 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 2 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (773 K)	0.11059 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 2 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (873 K)	0.26301 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 2 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (633 K)	6.200e-4 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 1 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (873 K)	0.1193 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 1 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (633 K)	0.07065 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 3 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (873 K)	0.43305 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 3 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (773 K)	0.23328 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 3 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (633 K)	0.19779 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 4 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (773 K)	0.34645 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 4 report
Activity Li printed: aLi (873 K)	0.46314 1	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 2, p. 3, row 4 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	-3962 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	-9447.7 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	-26791.7 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	644.4 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	2837.9 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	-787.2 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	-10416.1 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Chemical potential printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	4388.9 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	-3962 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	-9447.7 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	-26791.7 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (633 K)	644.4 J/mol	633	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	2837.9 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.85, Li 0.15	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	-787.2 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	-10416.1 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Gibbs energy printed: G^ex_Li (773 K)	4388.9 J/mol	773	fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.825, Li 0.175	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Gibbs energy printed: excess Gibbs free energy	3.18 kJ/mol	1373		model	[2] Gąsior 2009	p. 5 report	Because of the low positive value of the excess entropy, the excess Gibbs free energy slowly decreases with the increasing of the temperature (3.18 kJ/mol at 1373 K (1100 ◦ C) and 3.02 kJ/mol at 1573 K (1300 ◦ C)).
Gibbs energy printed: excess Gibbs free energy	3.02 kJ/mol	1573		model	[2] Gąsior 2009	p. 5 report	Because of the low positive value of the excess entropy, the excess Gibbs free energy slowly decreases with the increasing of the temperature (3.18 kJ/mol at 1373 K (1100 ◦ C) and 3.02 kJ/mol at 1573 K (1300 ◦ C)).

Model expression (2)

Model expression, Cu–Li system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
emf expression term printed: E = a + bT: b	-0.4619 mV/K		fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.875, Li 0.125	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
emf expression term printed: E = a + bT: b	-1.0137 mV/K		fcc-(Cu) alloy: Cu 0.9, Li 0.1	experimental	[2] Gąsior 2009	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

I. Ansara, A. T. Dinsdale, M. H. Rand (eds.), COST 507: Thermochemical database for light metal alloys, Volume 2, EUR 18499 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg (1998), ISBN 92-828-3902-8.
W. Gąsior, B. Onderka, Z. Moser, A. Dębski, T. Gancarz, Thermodynamic evaluation of Cu–Li phase diagram from EMF measurements and DTA study, Calphad 33, 215-220 (2009). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.10.006

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}