Cu–Sm system

26 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (model 20, unspecified 6); 1 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (10) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
model	20
unspecified	6

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	10
formation	16

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	W. Zhuang, Z.-Y. Qiao, S. Wei, J. Shen, J. Phase Equilib., 17, 508-21(1996). doi:10.1007/BF02665998	`c172df98a0ac47873d3d5bab9d9f4297f233a13a3c31fd5a2d7f4b27f21b4d37`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1198.43	CU6SM (x(Sm) 0.14286) + CU5SM_D2D (x(Sm) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.20069)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1198.43	CU6SM (x(Sm) 0.14286) + CU5SM_D2D (x(Sm) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.20033)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1198.42	CU6SM (x(Sm) 0.14286) + CU5SM_D2D (x(Sm) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.2005)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1190.48	LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.90678) + BCC_A2 (x(Sm) 0.99877) + HCP_A3 (x(Sm) 0.99993)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1190.48	LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.90679) + BCC_A2 (x(Sm) 0.99877) + HCP_A3 (x(Sm) 0.99993)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1181.17	FCC_A1 (x(Sm) 0) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.08103) + CU6SM (x(Sm) 0.14286)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1181.17	FCC_A1 (x(Sm) 0) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.08094) + CU6SM (x(Sm) 0.14286)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1151.17	CU5SM_D2D (x(Sm) 0.16667) + CU4SM (x(Sm) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.23944)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1151.17	CU5SM_D2D (x(Sm) 0.16667) + CU4SM (x(Sm) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.23923)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1151.17	CU5SM_D2D (x(Sm) 0.16667) + CU4SM (x(Sm) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.2396)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1101.35	CU4SM (x(Sm) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.27971) + CU2SM (x(Sm) 0.33333)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1101.35	CU4SM (x(Sm) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.27948) + CU2SM (x(Sm) 0.33333)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1101.35	CU4SM (x(Sm) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.27982) + CU2SM (x(Sm) 0.33333)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1034.78	CU2SM (x(Sm) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.4426) + CUSM (x(Sm) 0.5)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	1034.78	CU2SM (x(Sm) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.44241) + CUSM (x(Sm) 0.5)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	999.28	LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.78755) + HCP_A3 (x(Sm) 0.99994) + RHOMB_C19 (x(Sm) 1)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	999.28	LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.78749) + HCP_A3 (x(Sm) 0.99994) + RHOMB_C19 (x(Sm) 1)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	999.28	LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.78755) + HCP_A3 (x(Sm) 0.99994) + RHOMB_C19 (x(Sm) 1)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	827.58	CUSM (x(Sm) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.71842) + RHOMB_C19 (x(Sm) 1)
CuSm-96Zhu.tdb	827.58	CUSM (x(Sm) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Sm) 0.71838) + RHOMB_C19 (x(Sm) 1)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Cu–Sm system (10)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location
1240	congruent melting: liq <-> Cu6Sm	liq: Sm 0.143; Cu6Sm: Cu 0.857143, Sm 0.142857	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 2 report
1196	peritectic: liq + Cu6Sm <-> Cu5Sm	liq: Sm 0.243; Cu6Sm: Cu 0.857143, Sm 0.142857; Cu5Sm: Cu 0.833333, Sm 0.166667	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 3 report
1190	metatectic/catatectic: Sm(bcc) <-> liq + Sm(rhomb)	liq: Sm 0.908	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 10 report
1180	eutectic: liq <-> Cu(fcc) + Cu6Sm	liq: Sm 0.081; Cu6Sm: Cu 0.857143, Sm 0.142857	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 1 report
1153	peritectic: liq + Cu5Sm <-> Cu4Sm	liq: Sm 0.249; Cu5Sm: Cu 0.833333, Sm 0.166667; Cu4Sm: Cu 0.8, Sm 0.2	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 4 report
1128	congruent melting: liq <-> Cu2Sm	liq: Sm 0.333; Cu2Sm: Cu 0.666667, Sm 0.333333	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 6 report
1102	eutectic: liq <-> Cu4Sm + Cu2Sm	liq: Sm 0.27; Cu4Sm: Cu 0.8, Sm 0.2; Cu2Sm: Cu 0.666667, Sm 0.333333	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 5 report
1058	congruent melting: liq <-> CuSm	liq: Sm 0.5; CuSm: Cu 0.5, Sm 0.5	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 8 report
1035	eutectic: liq <-> Cu2Sm + CuSm	liq: Sm 0.443; Cu2Sm: Cu 0.666667, Sm 0.333333; CuSm: Cu 0.5, Sm 0.5	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 7 report
828	eutectic: liq <-> CuSm + Sm(rhomb)	liq: Sm 0.718; CuSm: Cu 0.5, Sm 0.5	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 9, p. 12, row 9 report

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, Cu–Sm system (16)
Phase	Value	Class	Source	Location
Cu2R	-32 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 63 report
Cu2R	-31.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	unspecified	[1] Zhuang 1996 cites ref. 88Sub2	Table 10, p. 13, row 59 report
Cu2R	-29.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	unspecified	[1] Zhuang 1996 cites ref. 88Sub2	Table 10, p. 13, row 62 report
Cu2R	-21.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 61 report
Cu4R	-31.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	unspecified	[1] Zhuang 1996 cites ref. 88Sub2	Table 10, p. 13, row 59 report
Cu4R	-22.4 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 60 report
Cu4R	-16.6 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 58 report
Cu5R	-43.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	unspecified	[1] Zhuang 1996 cites ref. 88Sub2	Table 10, p. 13, row 56 report
Cu5R	-18.9 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 57 report
Cu5R	-15 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 55 report
Cu6R	-28.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	unspecified	[1] Zhuang 1996 cites ref. 88Sub2	Table 10, p. 13, row 53 report
Cu6R	-16.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 54 report
Cu6R	-13.6 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 52 report
CuR	-39.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	unspecified	[1] Zhuang 1996 cites ref. 88Sub2	Table 10, p. 13, row 65 report
CuR	-31.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 66 report
CuR	-20.9 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	model	[1] Zhuang 1996	Table 10, p. 13, row 64 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

W. Zhuang, Z. -Y. Qiao, S. Wei, J. Shen, Thermodynamic evaluation of the Cu-R (R: Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) binary systems, JPE 17, 508-521 (1996). doi:10.1007/bf02665998

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}