A thermodynamic evaluation of the Copper — Bismuth and Copper — Lead systems

J. Niemelä, G. Effenberg, K. Hack, P.J. Spencer

Calphad 10 (1) 77-89 (1986) · Elsevier BV

DOI: 10.1016/0364-5916(86)90011-8

Reference as printed in ORCHID's sources: Niemela J. CALPHAD 1986: 10: 77.

Data: JSON record · id doi:10.1016/0364-5916(86)90011-8 · metadata: crossref

Roles in ORCHID

• cited as the original source of values

Systems

Cu–Pb

Evidence in ORCHID

3 values in 1 other papers cite this work as their source.

Phase-registry phases citing it: phase:cu-pb:fcc-a1, phase:cu-pb:liquid

Availability

Read by ORCHID: no (full_text_screened_for_origin). Open-access licence (Crossref license field): none deposited. Crossref is-referenced-by count: 33 (retrieved 2026-10-23).

Relations

Cited by (Crossref reference lists) (13)

• Calorimetric investigation of the Cu-Sn-Bi lead-free solder system (2008) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic Optimization of the Ag–Bi–Cu–Ni Quaternary System: Part I, Binary Subsystems (2018) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Calculation of the Phase Equilibria in the Bi-Cu-Zn Ternary System (2014) [crossref_reference_list]
• An assessment of the thermodynamic properties and phase diagram of the system Bi-Cu (1990) [crossref_reference_list]
• The copper-lead phase diagram (1991) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental study and thermodynamic remodeling of the Bi–Cu–Ni system (2010) [crossref_reference_list]
• An analytical model for calculating tie-line critical temperature in ternary immiscible alloys (2023) [crossref_reference_list]
• Enthalpies of mixing of liquid Bi–Cu and Bi–Cu–Sn alloys relevant for lead-free soldering (2008) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ni-Pb system (2000) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation in the Ag–Bi–Ni and Cu–Bi–Ni systems (2009) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic assessment of the ternary Cu–Pb–O system (2005) [crossref_reference_list]
• Integrated approach to thermodynamics, phase relations, liquid densities and solidification microstructures in the Al–Bi–Cu system (2009) [crossref_reference_list]
• Solubility study of the copper-lead system (2013) [crossref_reference_list]

References (Crossref, publisher-deposited) (2)

• STUDIES ON BISMUTH ALLOYS. I. LIQUIDUS CURVES OF THE BISMUTH—COPPER, BISMUTH—SILVER, AND BISMUTH—GOLD SYSTEMS¹ (1962) [crossref_reference_list]
• Activity measurements of liquid copper binary alloys (1976) [crossref_reference_list]

Cited for values by (1)

• A new critical assessment of the copper‐lead system (2001) — 3 values [orchid_extraction]

Used in (assessments / papers that took values from it) (1)

• A new critical assessment of the copper‐lead system (2001) — 3 values [orchid_extraction]