Li–Sn system

181 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 127, model 52, unspecified 2); 3 calculated phase diagram(s). 34 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (15) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	127
model	52
unspecified	2

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	71
phase transition	21
phase equilibrium	28
formation	36
activity / EMF / Gibbs energy	2
crystal structure	23

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	F. Yin, X. Su, Z. Li, J. Wang, J. Alloys Compd., 393, 105-8(2005). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.09.047	`71144325a80cb495e4e3e75a5eedfd7fd4823d951e6d38b3bd9b535494fa702c`	viewer · TDB · JSON
LiSn-06Du.tdb	Z. Du, Z. Jiang, C. Guo, Z. Metallkd., 97, 10-16(2006). doi:10.1515/ijmr-2006-0002	`917e7098d5e1cf012c2defc92d4b63722099b895c26f0761cf97193ccb589e0a`	viewer · TDB · JSON
LiSn-14Li.tdb	D. Li, S. Fuertauer, H. Flandorfer, D.M. Cupid, Calphad, 47, 181-95(2014). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2014.09.002	`d9e6b25b55ac0666fb5acedd69a46cb2e416b3cfa9e56f1058f1bb51f4edb389`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	1034.97	LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.1944) + LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22222)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	1034.96	LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.19419) + LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22222)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	1034.96	LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.19404) + LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22222)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	985.6	LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22222) + LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.29818)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	985.6	LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22222) + LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.29811)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	971.51	LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.31889)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	971.51	LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.31907)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	782.55	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.43456)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	782.55	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.43442)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	782.55	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.43464)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	746.67	LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.45081) + LISN (x(Sn) 0.5)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	746.67	LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.45058) + LISN (x(Sn) 0.5)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	746.67	LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.45094) + LISN (x(Sn) 0.5)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	580.03	LISN (x(Sn) 0.5) + LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.73873)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	580.03	LISN (x(Sn) 0.5) + LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.7383)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	495.68	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96591) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	495.68	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96609) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	495.68	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96635) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-05Yin-LB.tdb	453.1	BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 8.200e-4) + LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	1091.34	BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0.4496) + FCC_A1 (x(Sn) 0.45897) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.48028)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	1025.02	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.1794) + LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519) + LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22251)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	1025.02	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.17937) + LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519) + LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22251)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	989.19	LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.24046) + LI8SN3 (x(Sn) 0.27273) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.30525)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	971.19	LI8SN3 (x(Sn) 0.27273) + LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.32334)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	971.18	LI8SN3 (x(Sn) 0.27273) + LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.32377)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	862	LI8SN3 (x(Sn) 0.27273) + LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	782.28	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.42662)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	782.28	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.42655)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	782.28	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.4267)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	742.64	LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.44274) + LISN (x(Sn) 0.48545)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	742.64	LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.44243) + LISN (x(Sn) 0.48539)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	593.45	LISN (x(Sn) 0.49999) + LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.80125)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	593.45	LISN (x(Sn) 0.49999) + LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.80124)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	486.79	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96269) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	486.79	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96309) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	486.78	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96295) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	451.52	BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0.00612) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.00826) + LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519)
LiSn-06Du.tdb	451.52	BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0.00603) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.00814) + LI22SN5 (x(Sn) 0.18519)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	1022.51	LI17SN4 (x(Sn) 0.19048) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.20397) + LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.22396)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	994.84	LI7SN2 (x(Sn) 0.25242) + LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.28003)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	970.7	LI13SN5 (x(Sn) 0.27778) + LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.30998)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	787.31	LI5SN2 (x(Sn) 0.28571) + LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.41415)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	745.79	LI7SN3 (x(Sn) 0.3) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.4397) + LISN (x(Sn) 0.5)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	593.01	LISN (x(Sn) 0.5) + LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.83818)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	475.92	LI2SN5 (x(Sn) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.94643) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
LiSn-14Li.tdb	453.56	BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 7.000e-5) + LI17SN4 (x(Sn) 0.19048)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull LiSn-05Yin-LB · CALPHAD hull LiSn-06Du

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Li–Sn system (71)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location
1056.15	congruent melting: L -> Li7Sn2	L: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222; Li7Sn2: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 10 report
1045.15	congruent melting: L -> Li7Sn2	L: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222; Li7Sn2: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 9 report
1035.35	congruent melting: L -> Li22Sn5	L: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 5 report
1035.15	eutectic: L -> Li22Sn5 + Li7Sn2	L: Sn 0.194; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185; Li7Sn2: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 7 report
1031.15	congruent melting: L -> Li22Sn5	L: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 6 report
1025.15	eutectic: L -> Li22Sn5 + Li7Sn2	L: Sn 0.205; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185; Li7Sn2: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 8 report
1025	eutectic: L -> Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2	L: Sn 0.203; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.185; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 7 report
1025	eutectic: L <-> Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2	Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 8 report
1025	eutectic: L <-> Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2	Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 7 report
1025	eutectic: L -> Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2	Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 8 report
1022	eutectic: L -> Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2	L: Sn 0.204; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.19; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.224	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 9 report
997	peritectic: L + Li7Sn2 <-> Li13Sn5	Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.277778	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 12 report
997	L + Li7Sn2 -> Li13Sn5	Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.277778	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 14 report
995	L + Li7Sn2 -> Li13Sn5	L: Sn 0.28; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.252; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.278	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 15 report
993.15	L + Li13Sn5 -> Li5Sn2	L: Sn 0.31; Li13Sn5: Li 0.722222, Sn 0.277778; Li5Sn2: Li 0.714286, Sn 0.285714	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 14 report
989.15	L + Li7Sn2 -> Li13Sn5	L: Sn 0.3; Li7Sn2: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222; Li13Sn5: Li 0.722222, Sn 0.277778	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 12 report
989	L + Li7Sn2 -> Li13Sn5	L: Sn 0.2945; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.24; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.278	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 13 report
989	peritectic: L + Li7Sn2 <-> Li13Sn5	Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.277778	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 11 report
985.75	L + Li7Sn2 -> Li13Sn5	L: Sn 0.298; Li7Sn2: Li 0.777778, Sn 0.222222; Li13Sn5: Li 0.722222, Sn 0.277778	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 11 report
971.65	L + Li13Sn5 -> Li5Sn2	L: Sn 0.319; Li13Sn5: Li 0.722222, Sn 0.277778; Li5Sn2: Li 0.714286, Sn 0.285714	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 13 report
971.15	L + Li13Sn5 -> Li5Sn2	L: Sn 0.31; Li13Sn5: Li 0.722222, Sn 0.277778; Li5Sn2: Li 0.714286, Sn 0.285714	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Bailey 1979 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 15 report
971	peritectic: L + Li13Sn5 <-> Li5Sn2	Li13Sn5: Sn 0.277778; Li5Sn2: Sn 0.285714	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 13 report
971	L + Li13Sn5 -> Li5Sn2	Li13Sn5: Sn 0.277778; Li5Sn2: Sn 0.285714	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 17 report
971	L + Li13Sn5 -> Li5Sn2	L: Sn 0.31; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.278; Li5Sn2: Sn 0.286	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 18 report
971	L + Li13Sn5 -> Li5Sn2	L: Sn 0.311; Li13Sn5: Sn 0.278; Li5Sn2: Sn 0.286	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 16 report
971	peritectic: L + Li13Sn5 <-> Li5Sn2	Li13Sn5: Sn 0.277778; Li5Sn2: Sn 0.285714	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 14 report
787	L + Li5Sn2 -> Li7Sn3	L: Sn 0.414; Li5Sn2: Sn 0.286; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 21 report
782.25	L + Li5Sn2 -> Li7Sn3	L: Sn 0.435; Li5Sn2: Li 0.714286, Sn 0.285714; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 16 report
782	peritectic: L + Li5Sn2 <-> Li7Sn3	Li5Sn2: Sn 0.285714; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 16 report
782	L + Li5Sn2 -> Li7Sn3	Li5Sn2: Sn 0.285714; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 20 report
775.15	L + Li5Sn2 -> Li7Sn3	L: Sn 0.4; Li5Sn2: Li 0.714286, Sn 0.285714; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 17 report
775	peritectic: L + Li5Sn2 <-> Li7Sn3	Li5Sn2: Sn 0.285714; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 15 report
775	L + Li5Sn2 -> Li7Sn3	Li5Sn2: Sn 0.286; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 19 report
773.15	L + Li5Sn2 -> Li7Sn3	Li5Sn2: Li 0.714286, Sn 0.285714; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Bailey 1979 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 18 report
761.65	congruent melting: L -> LiSn	L: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 24 report
761.15	congruent melting: L -> LiSn	L: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Sommer 1982	Table 2, p. 3, row 27 report
759.15	congruent melting: L -> LiSn	L: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Bailey 1979 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 26 report
758.15	congruent melting: L -> LiSn	L: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 25 report
746.85	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.451; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 19 report
746	eutectic: L <-> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3; LiSn: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 18 report
746	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.44; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.7; LiSn: Sn 0.5	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 24 report
746	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3; LiSn: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 23 report
743.15	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.3; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Sommer 1982	Table 2, p. 3, row 23 report
743.15	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.43; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 21 report
743	eutectic: L <-> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3; LiSn: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 17 report
743	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.43; Li7Sn3: Sn 0.3; LiSn: Sn 0.5	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 22 report
742.15	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.43; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Bailey 1979 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 22 report
731.15	eutectic: L -> Li7Sn3 + LiSn	L: Sn 0.37; Li7Sn3: Li 0.7, Sn 0.3; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Masing 1910 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 20 report
600	peritectic: L + LiSn <-> Li2Sn5	LiSn: Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714286	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 22 report
600	L + LiSn -> Li2Sn5	LiSn: Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714286	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 29 report
599.15	L + LiSn -> Li2Sn5	L: Sn 0.78; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Li 0.285714, Sn 0.714286	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 30 report
593	L + LiSn -> Li2Sn5	L: Sn 0.838; LiSn: Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 30 report
593	peritectic: L + LiSn <-> Li2Sn5	LiSn: Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714286	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 21 report
593	L + LiSn -> Li2Sn5	LiSn: Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 28 report
592.15	L + LiSn -> Li2Sn5	L: Sn 0.765; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Li 0.285714, Sn 0.714286	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Masing 1910 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 29 report
580.15	L + LiSn -> Li2Sn5	L: Sn 0.738; LiSn: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5; Li2Sn5: Li 0.285714, Sn 0.714286	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 28 report
495.65	eutectic: L -> Li2Sn5 + (βSn)	L: Sn 0.966; Li2Sn5: Li 0.285714, Sn 0.714286	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 31 report
495.15	eutectic: L -> Li2Sn5 + (βSn)	L: Sn 0.95; Li2Sn5: Li 0.285714, Sn 0.714286	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 33 report
487.15	eutectic: L -> Li2Sn5 + (βSn)	L: Sn 0.95; Li2Sn5: Li 0.285714, Sn 0.714286	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Masing 1910 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 32 report
487	eutectic: L <-> Li2Sn5 + (βSn)	Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714286; (βSn): Sn 1	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 23 report
487	eutectic: L -> Li2Sn5 + (βSn)	L: Sn 0.95; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714; (βSn): Sn 1	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 31 report
476	eutectic: L -> Li2Sn5 + (βSn)	L: Sn 0.946; Li2Sn5: Sn 0.714; (βSn): Sn 1	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 32 report
456.45	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li22Sn5	L: Sn 4.000e-5; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Sommer 1982	Table 2, p. 3, row 4 report
455	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li17Sn4	Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 2 report
454	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li17Sn4	L: Sn 0; (βLi): Sn 0; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.185	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 1 report
454	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li17Sn4	L: Sn 0; (βLi): Sn 0; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.19	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 3 report
453.8	other: L <-> (βLi) + Li17Sn4	Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 3 report
453.6	other: L <-> (βLi) + Li17Sn4	Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 4 report
453.15	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li22Sn5	L: Sn 8.000e-4; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 2, p. 3, row 1 report
452.15	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li22Sn5	L: Sn 0; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Grube 1934	Table 2, p. 3, row 3 report
448.15	eutectic: L -> (βLi) + Li22Sn5	L: Sn 0; Li22Sn5: Li 0.814815, Sn 0.185185	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Masing 1910 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 2 report

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, Li–Sn system (36)
Phase	Value	T (K)	Class	Source	Location
Li13Sn5	-45.8 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 14 report
Li13Sn5	-44 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 13 report
Li13Sn5	-39.9 unknown	298.15	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 17 report
Li13Sn5	-38.1 unknown	298.15	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Kubaschewski 1938	Table 3, p. 3, row 18 report
Li13Sn5	-35.1 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 16 report
Li13Sn5	-35.1 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 15 report
Li22Sn5	-47.1 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 1 report
Li22Sn5	-43.3 unknown	298.15	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 5 report
Li22Sn5	-40.7 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 2 report
Li22Sn5	-39.3 unknown	298.15	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Kubaschewski 1938	Table 3, p. 3, row 6 report
Li22Sn5	-33 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 3 report
Li22Sn5	-31.1 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 4 report
Li2Sn5	-21.8 unknown	298.15	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 35 report
Li2Sn5	-20.1 unknown	298.15	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Kubaschewski 1938	Table 3, p. 3, row 36 report
Li5Sn2	-45.4 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 20 report
Li5Sn2	-43.8 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 19 report
Li5Sn2	-39.7 unknown	298.15	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 23 report
Li5Sn2	-38.9 unknown	298.15	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Kubaschewski 1938	Table 3, p. 3, row 24 report
Li5Sn2	-35.7 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 22 report
Li5Sn2	-35.2 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 21 report
Li7Sn2	-45.6 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 7 report
Li7Sn2	-43.8 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 8 report
Li7Sn2	-41.7 unknown	298.15	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 11 report
Li7Sn2	-40.2 unknown	298.15	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Kubaschewski 1938	Table 3, p. 3, row 12 report
Li7Sn2	-34.4 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 9 report
Li7Sn2	-34.1 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 10 report
Li7Sn3	-45.3 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 26 report
Li7Sn3	-43.6 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 25 report
Li7Sn3	-35.5 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 28 report
Li7Sn3	-35 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 27 report
LiSn	-40.9 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 29 report
LiSn	-35.8 unknown	298.15	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 33 report
LiSn	-35.2 unknown	298.15	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Kubaschewski 1938	Table 3, p. 3, row 34 report
LiSn	-35 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 30 report
LiSn	-31.7 unknown	688	model	[1] Yin 2005	Table 3, p. 3, row 31 report
LiSn	-26.1 unknown	688	experimental	[1] Yin 2005 cites Wen 1981 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 32 report

Other properties

Phase transition (21)

Phase transition, Li–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Phase transition	453.6 K	453.6	congruent melting: L <-> (βLi)	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 2 report
Phase transition	453.8 K	453.8	congruent melting: L <-> (βLi)	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 1 report
Phase transition	505.05 K	505.05	congruent melting: L <-> (βSn) (βSn): Sn 1	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 24 report
Phase transition	759 K	759	L -> LiSn L: Sn 0.5; LiSn: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 26 report
Phase transition	759 K	759	congruent melting: L <-> LiSn L: Sn 0.5; LiSn: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 20 report
Phase transition	759 K	759	congruent transformation	experimental	[2] Li 2014	p. 6 report	The sample Li50 Sn50 shows a melting peak at 759 K, which corresponds to the congruent melting of LiSn.
Phase transition	760 K	760	L -> LiSn L: Sn 0.5; LiSn: Sn 0.5	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 27 report
Phase transition	760 K	760	L -> LiSn L: Sn 0.5; LiSn: Sn 0.5	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 25 report
Phase transition	760 K	760	congruent melting: L <-> LiSn L: Sn 0.5; LiSn: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 19 report
Phase transition	1031 K	1031	L -> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.185; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.185	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 4 report
Phase transition	1031 K	1031	L -> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.19; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.19	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 6 report
Phase transition	1031 K	1031	L -> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.190476; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 5 report
Phase transition	1031 K	1031	congruent melting: L <-> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.190476; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 5 report
Phase transition	1031 K	1031	congruent melting: L <-> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.190476; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 6 report
Phase transition	1031 K	1031	congruent transformation	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	p. 6 report	The congruent melting of Li17Sn4, which was reported to be at 1031 K [15], was found at 1031.4 K.
Phase transition	1031.4 K	1031.4	congruent transformation	experimental	[2] Li 2014	p. 6 report	The congruent melting of Li17Sn4, which was reported to be at 1031 K [15], was found at 1031.4 K.
Phase transition	1052 K	1052	L -> Li7Sn2 L: Sn 0.222222; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 11 report
Phase transition	1056 K	1056	L -> Li7Sn2 L: Sn 0.234; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.234	model	[2] Li 2014	Table 10, p. 9, row 12 report
Phase transition	1056 K	1056	L -> Li7Sn2 L: Sn 0.222; Li7Sn2: Sn 0.222	model	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998	Table 10, p. 9, row 10 report
Phase transition	1056 K	1056	congruent melting: L <-> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.190476; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Sangster 1998 doi	Table 8, p. 6, row 9 report
Phase transition	1056 K	1056	congruent melting: L <-> Li17Sn4 L: Sn 0.190476; Li17Sn4: Sn 0.190476	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 8, p. 6, row 10 report

Phase equilibrium (28)

Phase equilibrium, Li–Sn system
Property	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Phase assemblage	473	Li17Sn4 + Li alloy: Li 0.9, Sn 0.1	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 1 report
Phase assemblage	573	Li2Sn5 + LiSn + Sn alloy: Li 0.4, Sn 0.6	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 12 report
Phase assemblage	573	LiSn + Li2Sn5 + Sn alloy: Li 0.5, Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 11 report
Phase assemblage	573	LiSn + Li7Sn3 + Sn alloy: Li 0.6, Sn 0.4	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 10 report
Phase assemblage	673	Li13Sn5 + Sn alloy: Li 0.722, Sn 0.278	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 8 report
Phase assemblage	673	Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2 alloy: Li 0.79, Sn 0.21	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 5 report
Phase assemblage	673	Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2 alloy: Li 0.81, Sn 0.19	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 3 report
Phase assemblage	673	Li17Sn4 + Li7Sn2 + Sn alloy: Li 0.8, Sn 0.2	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 4 report
Phase assemblage	673	Li17Sn4 + Sn alloy: Li 0.815, Sn 0.185	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 2 report
Phase assemblage	673	Li7Sn2 + Li13Sn5 alloy: Li 0.74, Sn 0.26	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 7 report
Phase assemblage	723	Li7Sn2 + Li13Sn5 alloy: Li 0.76, Sn 0.24	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 6 report
Phase assemblage	723	Li7Sn3 + Li5Sn2 + Sn + LiSn alloy: Li 0.71, Sn 0.29	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 4, p. 4, row 9 report
Phase composition	454	other: Li liquid: Sn 0	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 1 report
Phase composition	722.7	other: Li40Sn60 liquid: Sn 0.6	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 14 report
Phase composition	759.2	other: Li50Sn50 liquid: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 13 report
Phase composition	823.8	other: Li96Sn04 liquid: Sn 0.04	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 2 report
Phase composition	823.8	other: Li₉₆Sn₀₄ liquid: Li 0.96, Sn 0.04	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 16 report
Phase composition	837.6	other: Li60Sn40 liquid: Sn 0.4	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 12 report
Phase composition	885.9	other: Li92Sn08 liquid: Sn 0.08	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 3 report
Phase composition	885.9	other: Li₉₂Sn₀₈ liquid: Li 0.92, Sn 0.08	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 18 report
Phase composition	946.5	other: Li88Sn12 liquid: Sn 0.12	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 4 report
Phase composition	1006.2	other: Li72.2Sn27.8 liquid: Sn 0.278	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 10 report
Phase composition	1007.2	other: Li84Sn16 liquid: Sn 0.16	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 5 report
Phase composition	1008	other: Li71Sn29 liquid: Sn 0.29	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 11 report
Phase composition	1031.6	other: Li74Sn26 liquid: Sn 0.26	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 9 report
Phase composition	1031.6	other: Li81.5Sn18.5 liquid: Sn 0.185	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 6 report
Phase composition	1037	other: Li80Sn20 liquid: Sn 0.2	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 7 report
Phase composition	1042.2	other: Li79Sn21 liquid: Sn 0.21	experimental	[2] Li 2014	Table 7, p. 5, row 8 report

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (2)

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Li–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
EMF	0.46 V	688	LiSn + Li7Sn3	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Wen 1981 doi	p. 1 report	(0.57 and 0.46 V for Li-Sn alloys in the liquid þ LiSn and LiSn þ Li7 Sn3 two-phase fields, respectively, vs. pure Li at 688 K [5]) they can be combined with cathode materials to produce batteries with high energy density.
EMF	0.57 V	688	liquid + LiSn	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Wen 1981 doi	p. 1 report	(0.57 and 0.46 V for Li-Sn alloys in the liquid þ LiSn and LiSn þ Li7 Sn3 two-phase fields, respectively, vs. pure Li at 688 K [5]) they can be combined with cathode materials to produce batteries with high energy density.

Crystal structure (23)

Crystal structure, Li–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Lattice a	4.7 Å	298.15	Li13Sn5 alloy: Sn 0.277778	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 4 report
Lattice a	19.6907 Å	298.15	Li17Sn4 alloy: Sn 0.190476	unspecified	[2] Li 2014 cites Lupu 2003 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 2 report
Lattice a	10.274 Å	298.15	Li2Sn5 alloy: Sn 0.714286	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Hansen 1969 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 8 report
Lattice a	4.74 Å	298.15	Li5Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.285714	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 5 report
Lattice a	9.8 Å	298.15	Li7Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 3 report
Lattice a	8.56 Å	298.15	Li7Sn3 alloy: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Muller 1974 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 6 report
Lattice a	5.17 Å	298.15	LiSn alloy: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Mueller 1973	Table 5, p. 4, row 7 report
Lattice b	13.8 Å	298.15	Li7Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 3 report
Lattice b	4.72 Å	298.15	Li7Sn3 alloy: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Muller 1974 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 6 report
Lattice b	3.18 Å	298.15	LiSn alloy: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Mueller 1973	Table 5, p. 4, row 7 report
Lattice c	17.12 Å	298.15	Li13Sn5 alloy: Sn 0.277778	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 4 report
Lattice c	3.125 Å	298.15	Li2Sn5 alloy: Sn 0.714286	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Hansen 1969 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 8 report
Lattice c	19.83 Å	298.15	Li5Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.285714	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 5 report
Lattice c	4.75 Å	298.15	Li7Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 3 report
Lattice c	9.45 Å	298.15	Li7Sn3 alloy: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Muller 1974 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 6 report
Lattice c	7.74 Å	298.15	LiSn alloy: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Mueller 1973	Table 5, p. 4, row 7 report
lattice beta	90 °	298.15	Li13Sn5 alloy: Sn 0.277778	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 4 report
lattice beta	90 °	298.15	Li17Sn4 alloy: Sn 0.190476	unspecified	[2] Li 2014 cites Lupu 2003 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 2 report
lattice beta	90 °	298.15	Li2Sn5 alloy: Sn 0.714286	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Hansen 1969 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 8 report
lattice beta	90 °	298.15	Li5Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.285714	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 5 report
lattice beta	90 °	298.15	Li7Sn2 alloy: Sn 0.222222	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Frank 1975 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 3 report
lattice beta	105.95 °	298.15	Li7Sn3 alloy: Sn 0.3	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Muller 1974 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 6 report
lattice beta	104.5 °	298.15	LiSn alloy: Sn 0.5	experimental	[2] Li 2014 cites Mueller 1973	Table 5, p. 4, row 7 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Fucheng Yin, Xuping Su, Zhi Li, Jianhua Wang, Thermodynamic assessment of the Li–Sn (Lithium–Tin) system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 393, 105-108 (2005). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.09.047
D. Li, S. Fürtauer, H. Flandorfer, D.M. Cupid, Thermodynamic assessment and experimental investigation of the Li–Sn system, Calphad 47, 181-195 (2014). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2014.09.002

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}