Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system

Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler

Calphad 35 (1) 82-94 (2011) · Elsevier BV

DOI: 10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006

Data: JSON record · id doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 · metadata: crossref

Roles in ORCHID

• read by ORCHID (values extracted): 11 released values
• assessment behind a TDB file: CuSn-11Wan.tdb (Cu–Sn), CuTi-11Wan.tdb (Cu–Ti), SnTi-11Wan.tdb (Sn–Ti)
• discovery lead (found by Crossref assessment discovery, not read): rank 53, score 122; systems named in title: Cu–Sn–Ti

Systems

Cu–Sn, Cu–Ti, Sn–Ti, Cu–Sn–Ti

Evidence in ORCHID

11 values read from this paper (10 accepted), from 1 tables and 3 text passages.

Phase-registry phases citing it: phase:cu-sn:a4-diamond, phase:cu-sn:a5-bct, phase:cu-sn:bcc-a2, phase:cu-sn:cu10sn3, phase:cu-sn:cu3sn-d03, phase:cu-sn:cu3sn-l, phase:cu-sn:cu41sn11, phase:cu-sn:cu6sn5-b81, phase:cu-sn:cu6sn5-l, phase:cu-sn:fcc-a1, phase:cu-sn:hcp-a3, phase:cu-sn:liquid, phase:cu-ti:bcc-a2, phase:cu-ti:cu2ti, phase:cu-ti:cu3ti2, phase:cu-ti:cu4ti, phase:cu-ti:cu4ti3, phase:cu-ti:cuti-b11, phase:cu-ti:cuti2, phase:cu-ti:fcc-a1 …

Availability

Read by ORCHID: yes (values_extracted). Open-access licence (Crossref license field): none deposited. Crossref is-referenced-by count: 105 (retrieved 2026-10-23).

Relations

Cited by (Crossref reference lists) (29)

• Experimental investigation on phase equilibria of Cu–Ti–Hf system and performance of Cu(Ti, Hf)2 phase (2018) [crossref_reference_list]
• Isothermal Section of the Ti-Nb-Sn Ternary System at 700 °C (2014) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental Study on Phase Equilibria in Ti-Cu-Pt System (2017) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the Cu–Mo–Ti Ternary System (2017) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the Cu–Cr–Ti System (2021) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic Modeling of the Co-Cu-Sn Ternary System (2022) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic Reassessment of the Binary Cu-Sn, Cu-P, and Sn-P and Ternary Cu-Sn-P Systems (2024) [crossref_reference_list]
• Phase Equilibria of the Cu-Sn-Ti Ternary System at 450 °C (2026) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental study and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Fe–Ti system (2013) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental study and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Ni–Ti system (2014) [crossref_reference_list]
• Phase equilibria in Fe–Sn–Ti ternary system at 1073K and 1273K (2015) [crossref_reference_list]
• CALPHAD assessment of bio-oriented Ti–Zr–Sn system and experimental validation in Ti/Zr-rich alloys (2019) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic re-assessment and liquidus projection of the Cu–Ni–Ti system (2021) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic descriptions of the binary Ni–Sn and ternary Cu–Ni–Sn systems over entire composition range: A revisit (2021) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the Cu–Cr–Ti ternary system (2023) [crossref_reference_list]
• Phase equilibria and thermodynamic re-assessment of the Cu–Ti system (2023) [crossref_reference_list]
• The SGTE collection of binary datasets (2025) [crossref_reference_list]
• The Cu–Sn phase diagram part II: New thermodynamic assessment (2013) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic reassessment of Au–Cu–Sn ternary system (2014) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental investigation of phase equilibria in Cu–Ge–Ti system (2015) [crossref_reference_list]
• The experimental phase equilibria studies of the Cu-Sn-S system (2026) [crossref_reference_list]
• Phase equilibria of the Cu-Zr-Ti ternary system at 703 °C and the thermodynamic assessment and metallic glass region prediction of the Cu-Zr-Ti ternary system (2021) [crossref_reference_list]
• Sn-Bi-Cu phase equilibria and directionally solidified alloys (2027) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic assessment of Cu–Ni–Ti ternary system assisted with key measurements (2013) [crossref_reference_list]
• Phase equilibria of the Cu-Sn-Ti ternary system at 823K (2017) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ag-Cu-Sn Ternary System (2022) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental Investigation of the Ti-Nb-Sn Isothermal Section at 1173 K (2016) [crossref_reference_list]
• Cu-Sn-Ti Ternary Phase Diagram Evaluation (2022) [crossref_reference_list]
• Co-Sn-Ti Ternary Phase Diagram Evaluation (2018) [crossref_reference_list]

References (Crossref, publisher-deposited) (18)

• Partial phase diagrams of the titanium-rich region of the Ti-Cu system under high pressure (1994) [crossref_reference_list]
• Structure and phase composition of the Ti-Cu diffusion zone (1996) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System (2005) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the phase equilibria in the Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Mn systems (2004) [crossref_reference_list]
• Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of Sn-Ag-Cu solder alloys (2000) [crossref_reference_list]
• Coupled phase diagrams and thermochemical data for transition metal binary systems-III (1978) [crossref_reference_list]
• Phase diagram calculations for eight glass forming alloy systems (1985) [crossref_reference_list]
• The Thermo-Calc databank system (1985) [crossref_reference_list]
• SGTE data for pure elements (1991) [crossref_reference_list]
• First-principles calculations of structural energetics of Cu–TM (TM=Ti, Zr, Hf) intermetallics (2007) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic description of the Cu–Mn–Sn system in the copper-rich corner (2004) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system (2007) [crossref_reference_list]
• Titanium-boride eutectic materials: Phase equilibria and properties of alloys in the Ti-rich portion of the Ti–Sn–B system (2005) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic optimization of the Cu–Sn and Cu–Nb–Sn systems (2009) [crossref_reference_list]
• Standard enthalpies of formation of some 3d, 4d and 5d transition-metal stannides by direct synthesis calorimetry (1998) [crossref_reference_list]
• Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Ti–Zr system (2003) [crossref_reference_list]
• Enthalpies of formation of Ti-Cu intermetallic and amorphous phases (1997) [crossref_reference_list]
• Algebraic Representation of Thermodynamic Properties and the Classification of Solutions (1948) [crossref_reference_list]

Cites (values carry this citation) (1)

• Titanium-boride eutectic materials: Phase equilibria and properties of alloys in the Ti-rich portion of the Ti–Sn–B system (2005) — 1 values [orchid_extraction]

TDB files modelling its system (3)

• tdb:CuSn-11Wan.tdb [sgte_tdb_header]
• tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb [sgte_tdb_header]
• tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb [sgte_tdb_header]

Reassessed by (5)

• Thermodynamic Reassessment of the Binary Cu-Sn, Cu-P, and Sn-P and Ternary Cu-Sn-P Systems (2024) [citation+same-system]
• CALPHAD assessment of bio-oriented Ti–Zr–Sn system and experimental validation in Ti/Zr-rich alloys (2019) [citation+same-system]
• Phase equilibria and thermodynamic re-assessment of the Cu–Ti system (2023) [citation+same-system]
• The Cu–Sn phase diagram part II: New thermodynamic assessment (2013) [citation+same-system]
• Thermodynamic reassessment of Au–Cu–Sn ternary system (2014) [citation+same-system]

Reassesses (cites an earlier assessment of the same system) (4)

• Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System (2005) [citation+same-system]
• Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the phase equilibria in the Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Mn systems (2004) [citation+same-system]
• Phase diagram calculations for eight glass forming alloy systems (1985) [citation+same-system]
• Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system (2007) [citation+same-system]

Data papers used (1)

• Titanium-boride eutectic materials: Phase equilibria and properties of alloys in the Ti-rich portion of the Ti–Sn–B system (2005) — 1 values [orchid_extraction]